Persian Jalali Date Converter — Solar Hijri to Gregorian | LazyTools

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Persian Jalali Date Converter — Solar Hijri Calendar & Gregorian

Convert any Gregorian date to the Persian Jalali calendar — the official calendar of Iran and Afghanistan. The result shows the Jalali day, month and year with both English and Persian (Farsi) month names, the season in the Persian calendar and any nearby Persian holidays. Furthermore, the reverse converter accepts any Jalali date and returns the Gregorian equivalent in three formats.

Gregorian ↔ JalaliPersian month names (Farsi)Season indicatorPersian holidaysIran & Afghanistan calendar

Gregorian date

How to use the Persian Jalali Date Converter

Enter a Gregorian date to convert

Click the date field and select any Gregorian date. Furthermore, the tool defaults to today, showing the current Jalali date instantly without any input. Results include the Persian month name in both English transliteration and Farsi script.

Click Convert to Jalali

The result shows the date in numeric form (DD/MM/YYYY AP), English long form and Persian script. Furthermore, the season in the Persian calendar and any Persian holiday on that date appear in the table.

Check the season and month type

The Persian calendar divides the year into clear seasonal halves. Furthermore, the first six months (Farvardin through Shahrivar) have 31 days each. The next five months have 30 days. Esfand (the 12th month) has 29 or 30 days depending on the leap year.

Convert Jalali to Gregorian using the second tab

Click the Jalali → Gregorian tab. Enter the Jalali day, select the month and enter the AP year. Furthermore, clicking Convert shows the Gregorian date in ISO, DD/MM/YYYY and long form simultaneously.

Use the result for Iranian and Afghan calendar planning

The Persian New Year — Nowruz — falls on 1 Farvardin (approximately 21 March). Furthermore, this is the most important public holiday in Iran and Afghanistan and is also celebrated by Persian-speaking communities worldwide.

The twelve months of the Persian (Jalali) calendar

The Jalali calendar has twelve months aligned with the four seasons. Furthermore, each month begins when the Sun enters a new zodiacal sign — making this a true solar calendar rather than a lunar one. The year starts at the spring equinox.

Month	English	Persian	Days	Gregorian approx.
1	Farvardin	فروردین	31	21 Mar – 20 Apr
2	Ordibehesht	اردیبهشت	31	21 Apr – 21 May
3	Khordad	خرداد	31	22 May – 21 Jun
4	Tir	تیر	31	22 Jun – 22 Jul
5	Mordad	مرداد	31	23 Jul – 22 Aug
6	Shahrivar	شهریور	31	23 Aug – 22 Sep
7	Mehr	مهر	30	23 Sep – 22 Oct
8	Aban	آبان	30	23 Oct – 21 Nov
9	Azar	آذر	30	22 Nov – 21 Dec
10	Dey	دی	30	22 Dec – 20 Jan
11	Bahman	بهمن	30	21 Jan – 19 Feb
12	Esfand	اسفند	29/30	20 Feb – 20 Mar

How the Jalali calendar works

The Jalali calendar is a solar calendar — the year begins at the exact moment of the spring equinox (Nowruz). Furthermore, this makes it astronomically more accurate than the Gregorian calendar: the average Jalali year is 365.24219858 days, versus the Gregorian year's 365.2425 days. Moreover, the Jalali calendar's 2820-year grand cycle has only a one-day error against the tropical year.

Jalali year start = moment of vernal equinox (≈ 21 March Gregorian)

Months 1–6 = 31 days each (Spring and Summer)
Months 7–11 = 30 days each (Autumn and Winter)
Month 12 (Esfand) = 29 days (normal) or 30 days (leap year)
Leap year cycle = 8 or 9 years between leap years in the 2820-year grand cycle

The 2820-year grand cycle

The Jalali calendar uses a sophisticated 2820-year cycle for leap years. Furthermore, this is more accurate than the Gregorian 400-year cycle. The cycle distributes leap years in a pattern of [29, 33, 29, 33, 29, 33, 37] sub-cycles. Moreover, within each sub-cycle, leap years occur at intervals of either 4 or 5 years. This complex pattern is what gives the Jalali calendar its exceptional long-term accuracy.

Worked example: Nowruz 2026

Nowruz — the Persian New Year — always falls on 1 Farvardin. For the Gregorian year 2026, on what date does Nowruz occur?

Jalali date	Gregorian equivalent	Day
1 Farvardin 1405 AP	21 March 2026	Saturday
13 Farvardin 1405	2 April 2026	Thursday (Sizdah Bedar)
1 Mehr 1405	23 September 2026	Wednesday (Mehregan)

Nowruz 2026 falls on Saturday 21 March — the spring equinox. Furthermore, Sizdah Bedar (Nature Day) follows 13 days later on 2 April, completing the 13-day Nowruz holiday period observed in Iran and Afghanistan.

What is the Persian Jalali calendar?

The Persian Jalali calendar — also called the Solar Hijri calendar or Shamsi calendar — is the official civil calendar of Iran and Afghanistan. Furthermore, the calendar takes its name from the Seljuk Sultan Jalal al-Din Malik-Shah, who commissioned a calendar reform in 1079 CE. The word "Shamsi" means "solar" in Persian — distinguishing it from the lunar Islamic Hijri calendar.

The year begins at Nowruz — the Persian New Year — which occurs at the exact moment of the vernal equinox, typically on 20 or 21 March. Furthermore, this solar basis means the seasons always fall at the same time of the Jalali year. Contrast this with the Islamic Hijri calendar, which shifts through all seasons over a 33-year cycle.

Where the Jalali calendar is used

The Islamic Republic of Iran uses the Jalali calendar for all official dates — on government documents, legal records, official publications and Iranian media. Furthermore, Afghanistan uses it as the official civil calendar. Moreover, Persian-speaking communities in Central Asia and diaspora communities worldwide use it for cultural and personal observances.

The Jalali calendar versus the Islamic Hijri calendar

Both calendars count years from the Hijra of the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) in 622 CE. However, the Solar Hijri calendar aligns the year with the solar cycle, giving it a fixed relationship with the Gregorian calendar. Furthermore, the Solar Hijri year is always approximately 621 or 622 years behind the Gregorian year. In contrast, the lunar Hijri year drifts about 11 days per Gregorian year.

Why Jalali calendar conversion matters

Business and legal documents in Iran carry Jalali dates. Furthermore, contracts, court filings and government licences are dated in the Solar Hijri calendar. Converting these dates to Gregorian format is essential for international legal and commercial interactions with Iranian entities. Moreover, visa applications, insurance certificates and academic transcripts from Iran all require Jalali-to-Gregorian conversion for recognition abroad.

Nowruz — the Persian New Year on 1 Farvardin — is a public holiday in Iran, Afghanistan, Kurdistan and many Central Asian countries. Furthermore, businesses operating in these markets must account for the Nowruz holiday period in project timelines and delivery schedules. The 13-day Nowruz break significantly affects operational capacity every March.

How Nowruz affects international business timelines

The Nowruz holiday period runs from 1 to 13 Farvardin — approximately 21 March to 2 April. Furthermore, many Iranian businesses close for this entire period. Teams coordinating with Iranian partners must factor this into deadline calculations. Moreover, the pre-Nowruz period (Chaharshanbe Suri and related preparations) also reduces productivity in the week before the new year.

Frequently asked questions

What is the difference between the Solar Hijri and the Islamic Hijri calendar?▼

Both start from the Hijra of the Prophet Muhammad in 622 CE. The Solar Hijri (Jalali/Shamsi) calendar counts solar years — aligned with the spring equinox — while the Islamic Hijri counts lunar months. Furthermore, the Solar Hijri year is always within 1 year of the Gregorian year. The lunar Hijri year drifts about 11 days earlier each Gregorian year. For 2025 CE, the Solar Hijri year is 1404 AP while the lunar Hijri year is 1446 or 1447 AH.

When does the Persian New Year (Nowruz) occur?▼

Nowruz occurs on the first day of Farvardin — the moment of the vernal equinox, usually 20 or 21 March in the Gregorian calendar. Furthermore, the exact time of Nowruz varies by a few hours each year depending on the equinox timing. Celebrations begin at the exact moment the Sun crosses the celestial equator, which Iranian families traditionally mark together watching a clock or television countdown.

Is the Jalali calendar the same as what is used in Afghanistan?▼

Yes. Afghanistan uses the same Solar Hijri calendar as Iran, with identical month names and the same year count. Furthermore, the calendar starts on the same date — Nowruz — in both countries. Some minor differences exist in traditional regional names for the months, but the official calendar structure is identical. Both countries use the spring equinox as the new year start.

How accurate is this Jalali converter?▼

The algorithm uses the standard Jalali calendar arithmetic, accurate for dates between approximately 1100 and 1500 AP (1721–2121 CE). Furthermore, results are exact for the tabular Jalali calendar used in most date conversion software. The true Jalali calendar is astronomically computed — results match the tabular calendar to within one day for all dates in the supported range.

What is the current Persian year?▼

For 2025 CE, the Persian year is 1404 AP (Anno Persico). The new year 1405 AP began on approximately 21 March 2025. Furthermore, the Persian year number equals the Gregorian year minus 621 for dates after Nowruz in any given year, and minus 622 for dates before Nowruz. The tool calculates the exact year for any date automatically.

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